Data and Statistical Figures Concerning the Jews from Romania
During World War Two

 

The statistical figures used in this work were established mostly based on the official data of the Romanian State as they resulted from the census of the population and other special records:

• General census of Romania's population, December 29, 1930;
  
• Census of the population, April 6, 1941;
  
• Inventory of Basarabia and Northern Bucovina, in August-September 1941;
  
• Census of the population having Jewish blood, May 1942;
  
• Registering of the Jews, who remained alive in Transnistria,
  performed by the General Inspectorate of the Gendarmerie, during September 1943;
  
• Other special records.

 

TABLE 1   Number of Jews in Romania in the Years 1930 and 1940
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	1930	1940
GREATER ROMANIA TOTAL: TOTAL	756,930	800,000
1. Romania(without the given up territories)	329,841	350,000
2. Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and Hertza (Soviet Union)	277,949	290,000
3. Northern Transylvania (Hungary)	148,294	159,000
4. Cadrilater (Bulgaria)	846	1,000

Note: The data for the year 1930 represent persons of Mosaic religion, as registered at the General Census of the population of Romania, on December 29, 1930.

The data for the year 1940 were calculated by taking into account the modifications that had occurred in the period 1930-1940, due to the natural increase of the population, and to the migration, from or to other countries.

As it is shown in a memory drawn up by the Central Statistical Institute, (Office for Studies), signed by Anton Galopentia, in the period 1930-1940, the natural growth of the Jews was 6,780 souls, but it is specified, that the modification of the number of Jews cannot be exactly known because there are no data available concerning the number of Jews who entered the country clandestinely. In conclusion, it is shown in the statement, that it can be considered, that during the period 1930-1940 the number of Jews from Romania didn't increase with more than 50,000.

According to the table from above, in the period 1930-1940, the number of Jews, increased by 43,070 persons.

 

TABLE 2  Number of Jews in the Territories Under the Authority of Antonescu After the Outbreak of the War
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Number of Jews After the Outbreak of the War
JEWS TOTAL (1+2)	675,000
1. ROMANIAN JEWS (without Northern Transylvania and Cadrilater)	540,000
a). In Old Kingdom and Southern Transylvania	312,000
b). In Basarabia, Bucovina and the Dorohoi district	228,000
From Which: - In Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and the Hertza region - In Southern Bucovina and Dorohoi district	192,000 36,000
2. NATIVE UKRAINIAN JEWS FROM TRANSNISTRIA	135,000

Note: The data from the table of above include the Jews from the territories under Romanian authority, after the liberation of Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and Hertza, and the passing of Transnistia under Romanian administration.

A number of 160,000 Jews from Northern Transylvania and Cadrilater, as well as about 100,000 Jews from Basarabia, North-Bucovina and Hertza, who withdrew voluntarily or being forced with the Soviet authorities (including those deported to Siberia, killed in air raids, enlisted in the Soviet army, dead at the siege of Odessa etc.) were not included.

A number of 135,000 native Ukrainian Jews, taken over by the Romanian authorities after Transnistria entered under Romanian administration, were included.

 

TABLE 3 Number of the Missing Jews from Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and the Hertza Region In the Period From the Outbreak of the War Until the Deportations to Transnistria --Statistical Evaluation--
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Total Number of Jews
1. Remained Under Romanian Authority	192,000
2. Registered at the Census on Sept. 1, 1941, Before the Deportation	126,434
3. Basarabian Jews Who Fled to Odessa and Overtaken by the Romanian Authorities	10,000	*
4. Jews from Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and the Hertza Region, Who Disappeared During the Period June 22- Sept. 1, 1941	55,566
*A large number of these refugees were killed during the reprisals in Odessa.

 

TABLE 4  Number of Jews from Bassarabia, Northern Bucovina, and the Hertza Region Existing Before Deportation
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Number of Jews Before Deportation
JEWS TOTAL	126,434
Northern Bucovina	53,809
- Cernovitz	49.497
- Storojinetz	4,312
Bassarabia	72,625
a) in the cities	6,883
b) in camps and ghettoes - Secureni and Edinetz (Hotin) - Marculesti (Soroca) - Tg. Vartajeni (Soroca) - The Kishinev Ghetto	65,742 20,909 10,737 24,000 10,096

Note: After the World Jewish Congress -- the Romanian Section -- the Jewish population in figures -- Statistical memento -- 1945, page 37-38 (based on the inventory of Bassarabia and Northern Bucovina in August-September 1941). The data has been verified from other sources, too where there have found close values.

 

TABLE 5  Number of Jews Deported from Romania to Transnistria --Statistical Evaluation--
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Number of Jews --TOTAL --
1 Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and the Hertza Region
-Registered on Sept. 1, 1941	126,434
- Registered on May 20, 1942	17,081
- Deported (in 1941) - difference	109,353
- Deported from Cernowitz, June 7-June 28, 1942	4,000
Total Deported	113,353
2. Southern Bucovina
-Existing before the deportation	24,000
-Registered on May 20, 1942	179
Total Deported (difference)	23,821
3. Dorohoi District (Without the Herza Region)
-Existing before the deportation	12,000
-Registered on May 20, 1942	2,316
- Deported (in 1941) - difference	9,684
- Deported on June 14 ,1942	450
Total Deported	10.134
4. Old Kingdom and Southern Transylvania
Total Deported	3,968
Total Deported from Romania	151,276

 

TABLE 6 Number of Jews from the Old Kingdom and Southern Transylvania Deported to Transnistria
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Total Deported
Total Deported Jews	3,968
Out of Witch Those:
1. Suspected to be politically left oriented	1,046
a). From the Tg. Jiu Camp	407
b). From those incarcerated in penitentiaries	85
c). From those free	554
2. Requested Repatriation to Basarabia	578
3. Did not show up for public work *	594
4. Convicted for various offenses and others	250
5 . From the labor battalion "Balta 120" (which was in existence for nearly two years in Transnistria)	1,500
*As situation existed on October 12, 1942. Deportations took place after that date, as well...

 

TABLE 7   Number of Deported Jews from Romania, Exterminated in Transnistria
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Total Jews	%
Deported Jews to Transnistria: TOTAL	150,000	100
Jews Who Remained Alive: TOTAL	60-70,000	40-46
JEWS EXTERMINATED IN TRANSNISTRIA	80-90,000	54-60

 Note: In the total number of deported and exterminated Jews in Transnistria are included also the Jews who were killed or died along the way; these amounts at least 5.000 victims.

 

TABLE 8 Native Ukrainian Jews from Transnistria Taken Over by the Romanian Authorities
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Total Jews
Native Ukrainian Jews from Transnistria Overtaken by the Romanian Authorities -- Total	135,198
1. Killed during the reprisals in Odessa, October, 22-26, 1941	20,000
2. Existing survivors at the end of November 1941 in Odessa	30,000
3. Ukrainian Jews from Northern and Southern Transnistria Existing in November 1941	85,198
a). In Northern Transnistria -Total - Moghilev - Sargorod - Rabnita - Tulcin - Spirov - Peciora Camp -Rogozna Camp -Balta and other localities    b). In Southern Transnistria	15,198 3,733 2,000 1,467 118 27 3,005 848 4,000 70,000 *
*Jews gathered in the camps: Bogdanovka, Domanovka, Acmecetka and other camps and ghettos, from the districts Golta and Berezovka, including the Jews who were killed or died along the way.

Note: These data were established in accordance with M. Carp's book - "The Black Book", vol. 3, page 207 - Diogene Publishing House 1996.

 

TABLE 9   Number of Native Ukrainian Jews, Under Romanian Authority, Exterminated During the World War Two
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Total Jews	%
Native Ukrainian Jews: TOTAL	135,000	100
Alive at the End of the War	20,000 *	14.8
Exterminated	115,OOO	85.2
*According to Radu Leca, commissioner for Jewish problems.

 

TABLE 10 Total Number of Jews Exterminated During World War Two From the Territories Under Romanian Authority
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Exterminated Jews
A. Romanian Jews	155,000
-The Pogrom from Dorohoi, July 1, 1940	70
- The Legionary Rebellion , January 21-23, 1941	130
- The pogrom and the death trains from Iasi, June 29- July 6, 1941	8,000
- Killed in Basarabia, North-Bucovina and Hertza region, June 22-Sept. 1, 1941	55,000
- Transnistria (Sept. 1941-March 1944)	80,000
- Other victims	11,800	*
B. Native Ukrainian Jews	115,000
Total Exterminated Jews (A+B)	270,000
*This number includes the killed or dead Jews along the way to Transnistria, the Bassarabian Jews who fled to Odessa and were killed during the reprisals, well as other victims from the period of war.

 

TABLE 11   Rates of Extermination and Survival of the Jews, During Second World War Two, Who Lived in Territories Under Romanian Authority
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Jews At the Beginning of the War	Exterminated Jews	Extermination Rate (%)	Survivor Rate (%)
1. Romanian Jews: TOTAL	540,000	155,000	28.7	71.3
a). From the Old Kingdom and Southern Transylvania	312,000	11,000	3.5	96.5
b). From Basarabia, Bucovina and Dorohoi district	228,000	144,000	63.2	36.8
2. Native Ukrainian Jews: TOTAL	135,000	115,000	85.2	14.8
TOTAL (1+2)	675,000	270,000	40	60

 

 

TABLE 12   Demographic Balance of the Jews under Antonescu Government Romanian Jews (from the former Greater Romania)
S P E C I F I C A T I O N	Total Jews
1. Jews from Great Romania, according to the census from the year 1930 (without North-Transylvania and Cadrilater)	607,970
2. Jews from Great Romania in 1940 (without Nothern Transylvania and Cadrilater)	640,000
3. Jews who, after the outbreak of the war, taken away by the Soviet authorities (inclusive those enlisted in the Soviet army, deported to Siberia, killed in bombardment, Jews who fled to Odessa, and died during the siege).	100,000
4. Remained under Antonescu Government	540,000
5. Remained alive at the end of the war: - From the Old Kingdom and Southern Transylvania (without the district of Dorohoi) - From Basarabia (returned from Transnistria) - From North and Southern Bucovina (returned from Transnistria and those not deported) - From Dorohoi district (returned from Transnistria and those not deported)	385,000 310,000 14,000 53,000 8,000
6. Exterminated (the difference)	155,000

NOTE: Taking into account the about 115,000 native Ukrainian Jews from Transnistria, killed during the Romanian administration, the number of exterminated Jews under the Antonescu Government amounts to 270,000 persons.

Additional emarks on some statistical data from Table 12

 The number of Romanian Jews who remained alive in Transnistria was established by the General Inspectorate of Gendarmes, by registering on September 1st, 1943 their number in districts and localities. According to this situation, from the Jews evacuated from Basarabia, only 13,980 Jews remained alive, and from Bucovina (North and South) 36,761. To those from Bucovina, over 16,000 Jews should be added, who had not been deported (most of them from Cernowitz). This means that from Bucovina (North and South), a number of about 53,000 Jews remained alive.

Into the Dorohoi district over 6,000 Jews returned from Transnistria…To these about 2,000 not deported Jews should be added.. Thus the number of those who remained alive was about 8,000.

 

TABLE 13   Jews from Europe Exterminated During the Holocaust
C O U N T R Y	Jewish Population Before the War	Exterminated Jews During the Holocaust	Extermination Rate %
EUROPE	9,211,000 1)	5,933,000	64.4
1. Poland	3,300,000	2,800,000	84.8
2. Soviet Union  2)	3,025,000	1,475,000	48.8
3. Hungary Out of Which: Northern Transylvania	564,000   160,000	335,000 135,000	59.4 84.4
4. Romania (Under Antonescu Government) -Romanian Jews -Native Ukrainian Jews	675,000   540,000   135,000	270,000 55,000 115,000	40 28.7 85.2
5. Czechoslovakia	315,000	260,000	82.5
6. Germany	210,000	170,000	81
7. Lithuania	150,000	135,000	90
8. France  3)	300.000	90,000	30
9. Holland  3)	150,000	90,000	60
10. Latvia	95,000	85,000	89.5
11. Greece	75,000	60,000	80
12. Yugoslavia	75,000	55,000	73.3
13. Belgium  3)	90,00	40,000	44.4
14. Austria	60,000	40,000	66.7
15. Italy 3)	57,000	15,000	26.3
16. Bulgaria	50,000	7,000	14
17. Other countries  4)	20,000	6,000	30
1) With the Jews from Great Britain and neutral countries (which were not affected by the Holocaust), the Jews from Europe exceeded 9,5 million persons. 2) In the Soviet Union, the Baltic countries (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), were not included, nor were Basarabia, Northern Bucovina and Transnistria. The number of Jews, before the war, shown in the table, includes the population from the occupied zone as well as that from the unoccupied zone. If we take into account that the Jewish population from the occupied zone totaled about 2 million people, losses from the zones in the Soviet Union occupied by Germany give a rate of 7.8%. 3) Inclusive the refugees. 4) Denmark, Estonia, Luxembourg, Norway and Danzig.

Note: The above data, on countries, with the exception of those for Romania, Hungary and the Soviet Union, are extracted or processed from Iacob Lestchinsky's work "Bilan de l'Extermination."

For Romania only those Jews were included who lived in the territories under Antonescu's government, inclusive Bassarabia, Northern Bucovina and the Hertza region after liberation, and Transnistria passed under Romanian authority.

Northern Transylvania was included to Hungary, because the Jews from this territory, temporary occupied, were deported into the extermination camps by the Hungarian State.